A back garden is a residential garden located at the rear of a property, on the other side of the house from the front garden. Such gardens have a special place in English suburban and gardening culture.
A back garden arises when the main building divides the surrounding gardens into two. This happens especially in the high density housing of British cities and towns. A semi-detached house typical of the British suburbs of the 20th century will have front gardens which face the road and provide access. The back gardens in such cases will be more secluded and access will typically be via the dwelling or by a path around the side.
If the housing is terraced, then no side path is possible and access may be provided by an alley which runs behind the rear of the terrace. While buildings opening directly onto a street may not have a front garden, most will have some space at the back, however small; the exception being back -to- back houses found in northern industrial towns in England such as Leeds, but now mostly demolished. A private back yard with a "privy" ( toilet ) was a defining feature of the byelaw terraced house, a type of dwelling built to comply with the Public Health Act 1875.
A front garden is a formal and semi- public space and so subject to the constraints of convention and law.
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