Eskimo () is an English term for the indigenous peoples who have traditionally inhabited the northern circumpolar region from eastern Siberia ( Russia ) to across Alaska (of the United States ), Canada, and Greenland.
The two main peoples known as "Eskimo" are: (1) the Alaskan Iñupiat peoples, Greenlandic Inuit, and the mass -grouping Inuit peoples of Canada, and (2) the Yupik of eastern Siberia and Alaska. The Yupik comprise speakers of four distinct Yupik languages: one used in the Russian Far East and the others among people of Western Alaska, Southcentral Alaska and along the Gulf of Alaskacoast. A third northern group, the Aleut, is closely related to these two. They share a relatively recent commonancestor, and a language group (Eskimo-Aleut).
The word "Eskimo" derives from phrases that Algonquin tribes used for their northern neighbors. The Inuit and Yupik peoples generally do not use it to refer to themselves, and the governments in Canada and Greenland have ceased using it in official documents.
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